Ten Years of HPV Vaccines

Background: Interleukin 17 (IL-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine mainly secreted by activated TH-17 cells and involved in inflammatory immune responses. Interleukin 23 (IL-23) sustains the development of inflammation and is considered a check point. Aim: the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between serum IL-17A, IL-17F and serum IL23receptor variants in Saudi women with unexplained spontaneous recurrence of abortion (RSA). Methods: a total of 200 women; 100 RSA-patients matched with 100 controls were enrolled sequentially. Genetic distributions of the two variants of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-23R genes were detected by a real-time polymerase chain reaction using the Taqman probe method. Results: results showed a significant difference of genetic distribution of IL-17F (7488 T/C) between RSApatients and controls, with respect to homozygous TT (χ2=144, p=0.001), homozygous CC (χ2=113, p=0.001) and heterozygous TC ( χ2=8.87, p=0.003) genotypes that were associated with a significant different frequency of the phenotypic allele T (χ2=65.35, p=0.001) and allele C (χ2=100.90, p=0.005), implying that IL-17F of RSA-group belongs to a different population and/or underwent a mutation in this group of Saudi Arabian women. The adjusted odd ratios were 0.01, 53.08 and 12.24 for TT, TC and CC genotypes, respectively. The odd ratios for the allele T and C were 0.05 and 35.53, respectively. Regarding IL-17A (G-197A) homozygous AA genotype was significantly more frequent in RSA-group (χ2=4.92, p=0.026). For IL-23 (1142 G/A), homozygous GG genes was significantly increased in RSA-patients (χ2=5.364.92, p=0.021). Conclusions: based on these results it can be concluded that genetic variants of IL-17 and IL-23 are involved in the development of RSA in Saudi Arabian women.